State Synchronization Framework for Resilient EV Charging Networks

Abstract

Electric vehicle charging networks are becoming large distributed systems in which charger availability, power allocation, session status, and fault information must remain consistent across many nodes. Existing work on smart charging has improved scheduling and grid coordination, but distributed state consistency under communication delay, packet loss, and node disruption remains weakly addressed, even though stale charging states can cause unstable allocation, delayed recovery, and inefficient use of feeder capacity. This article presents a distributed state-management framework for large-scale EV charging systems based on hierarchical synchronization, cluster-level state aggregation, consistency scoring, and fallback recovery control during communication failures. The results show that the proposed framework maintains higher state consistency under synchronization delay and achieves better charging allocation stability and session recovery performance than conventional centralized control under packet loss, gateway timeout, and intermittent node outage conditions. The study shows that distributed state awareness is essential for reliable and resilient EV charging operation.